Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich Junior (1856-1929) was the first cousin once removed of Tsar Nicholas II and possibly the man whom Russia’s last Tsar trusted the most. He held a series of important positions including being President of the Council of State Defence from 1905 to 1908 and Supreme Commander of the Russian Army in the first 12 months of the First World War. In this talk, Paul Robinson will survey the Grand Duke’s life and his role in Russian military and political affairs in the late Russian Empire.