Roads cause important impacts on wildlife, especially through habitat loss, mortality from animal-vehicle collisions and isolation of populations due to barrier effects. Many mitigation measures have been designed and implemented on roads, and a key factor to increase the effectiveness of these measures is their accurate placement, based on a reliable assessment of road impacts. In
this talk I will present research results and questions currently under study from my work at the Road Ecology Group (Brazil). I will focus on the bias on roadkill estimates caused by carcass removal and detectability, on mortality hotspots, and on looking into the landscape to plan mitigation.