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Minimum admission requirements

Canadian and international graduate students

Please review the minimum cumulative grade point average (GPA) requirements for graduate degrees. You are encouraged to refer to the program pages as some programs may have higher admission requirements.

Doctoral programs require applicants to have completed a master’s/magisteriate (or equivalent) with high standing (e.g., with honours, or a GPA equivalent to B average).

Master’s programs typically require applicants to have completed a bachelor’s/baccalaureate (or equivalent) with high standing. High standing can be defined as honours, specialization, a GPA equivalent to B average.

Diploma and graduate certificate programs require applicants to have completed a bachelor’s/ baccalaureate (or equivalent) with high standing.

General minimum requirement by country

* As grading systems may vary, please refer to the institution’s grading scheme.

Master's country equivalencies

Country Minimum equivalent qualifications
(for admission to Master's program)
Grade/Scale/Standing
Afghanistan Bachelor’s degree (Leicanc, Licence) — minimum 4 year program. B grade equivalent
Albania Diplome Universitare — 4 years of study, accompanied by the award of a "Titull" (title). 8/10
Algeria Licence (Licentiate) — minimum 4 year program;
Diplôme d’Études Superieures (DES) — minimum 4 year program;
Diplôme d’Ingénieur d’État — minimum 5 year program;
Diplôme — minimum 4 year program.
14/20
Bien (Good)
Argentina Licenciado/Licenciatura (Licentiate) — minimum 4 year program;
Titulo de (Professional Title) — minimum 5 year program;
Titulo de Ingenieur en (Title of Engineer in…) — minimum 5 year program.
7/10
Bueno (Average)
Armenia Bakalvavri Kochum; Special Diploma 4/5
Good
Australia Bachelor’s degree (Honours) — minimum 4 year program;
Bachelor’s degree — minimum 4 year program;
Graduate diploma — minimum 4 years of post-secondary studies.
Distinction/Second Class, Upper Division
Austria (Pre-Bologna) Magister (Master) — minimum 4 year program;
Diplom-Ingenieur (Graduate Engineer) — minimum 4 year program.
2/5
Good (Gut)
Austria (Post-Bologna) Bakkalaureaus/Bakkalaurea (Bachelor’s degree) — 180-240 ECTS credits. 2/5
Good (Gut)
Azerbaijan Diploma of Specialist — 4-year Bakalavr 4/5
Good (Yaxşi)
Bahrain Bachelor’s degree — minimum 4 year program. 3.33/4
Good
Bangladesh 4-5 year Bachelor’s
Master’s (awarded following a 3-year bachelor’s)
B grade equivalent
First Division
Barbados

4-year Bachelor’s (Honours)

Upper Second Class Honours;  CGPA 3.00-3,59/4.30
Belarus Bakalavr (4-5 year degree) Good 
Belgium (Pre-Bologna) Licence/Licentiaat (Licentiate) — minimum 4 years of post-secondary studies;
Ingénieur/Ingenieur (Engineer) — minimum 4 years of post-secondary studies.
14/20
Distinction
Belgium (Post-Bologna) Bachelor’s degree — 180-240 ECTS credits. Same as above
Belize 4-year Bachelor Second Class Upper Division
(B grade Equivalent)
Benin Maitrise — minimum 4 years of study. 13/20
Bosnia and Herzegovina Diploma Visoko Obrazovanja (Advanced Diploma of Higher Education)
— normally requires 4-6 years of study
4/5
8/10
Brazil Licenciado/Licenciatura (Licenciate/License) — minimum 4 year program;
Bacharel/Bacharelado (Bachelor’s) — minimum 4 year program;
Titulo Profissional (Professional Title) — minimum 4 year program.
7.5/10
Good (Bom)
Burundi Licence, Diplôme d’Ingénieur — minimum 4 years of study High Distinction
Bulgaria (Pre-Bologna) Diploma za Zavarsheno Vishhe Obrazovanie (Diploma of Completed Higher Education) — minimum 4 year program 4/6
Dobar (Good)
Bulgaria (Post‑Bologna) Bakalavr (Bachelor) — minimum 4 year program. 4/6
Dobar (Good)
Cambodia 4-year Licence 8/10
Cameroon Pre 2008: 4 year Licence/Bachelor;
Post 2008: 3 year Licence/Bachelor
13/20
Canada

Applicants with a degree from Quebec
Bachelor’s degree between three or four years (90 – 120 credits) of full-time study, depending on academic background.

Applicants with a degree from Canada (outside of Quebec)
Bachelor’s degree — minimum 4 year program;
Ontario: Bachelor’s degree (honours) — minimum 4 year program

B grade equivalent
Chile Licenciado or Licenciatura — minimum 4 year program;
Licenciado en Educacion (Licentiate in Education) — minimum 4 year program;
Titulo Profesional (Professional Title) — minimum 4 year program.
5.5/7
Bueno (Good)
China Bachelor’s Degree Certificate — minimum 4 year program. 80-89
Good
Colombia Titulo de Licenciado/Licenciatura (Licentiate) — minimum 4 year program;
Titulo Professional (Professional title) — minimum 4 year program;
Titulo de Ingeniero — minimum 5 year program;
Titulo de Especialista (Title of Specialist) — minimum 4 years of post-secondary studies.
3.7/5
Congo, the Democratic Republic Licence 13/20
Congo, the Republic of Licence 13/20
Costa Rica Bachiller, Bachillerato Universitario, Licenciado, Titutlo. 80/100, 8/10, very good
Côte d’Ivoire Licence — minimum 3 years post-secondary studies;
Matrise — minimum 4 years post-secondary studies.
12/20
Assez Bien (Good)
Croatia 4-year Diploma 4/5
Cuba Liceniado (4-years of study) 4/5
80%
Cyprus Lisan Diplomasi (Bachelor’s degree) — minimum 4 year program; 15/20
Czech Republic
(Pre-Bologna)
Bakalar (Bachelor) — minimum 3 year program;
Professional title — minimum 4 year program.
Velmi Dobré (Very Good)
2/4 (reverse grading system)
Denmark (Pre-Bologna) Candidatus/a philisophiae/cand.phil. (Candidate of Philosophy) — minimum 4 year post-secondary studies;
Candidatus (Candidate in…) — minimum 5 years post-secondary studies;
Civilingeniør (Engineer) — minimum 5 year program.
9/13
Denmark
(Post-Bologna)
Bachelorgrad/Bachelorgraden (Bachelor of Arts/ Science) — 180-240 ECTS credits;
Handelshojskolens Afgangsprove (Bachelor of Adminisration) — 180-240 ECTS credits.
10/12
Dominican Republic Licenciatura (Licentiate) — minimum 4 year program;
Titulo professional — minimum 4 year program.
85%
Ecuador Grado de Licenciado — minimum 4 year program;
Titulo Profesional de…(i.e. Profesor, Ingeniero, ect.) — minimum 4 year program;
Titulo de Doctor (Title of Doctor) — minimum 4 year program.
8/10
80%
Egypt Bacclaureos (Bachelor’s degree) — minimum 4 year program;
Postgraduate diplomas — minimum 4 years post-secondary studies.
Very Good
El Salvador Licenciatura/Titulo de Licenciado (Title of Licentiate) — minimum 4 year program;
Titulo de (Title of professional) — minimum 4 year program.
75%
7.5/10
Eritrea Bachelor (minimum 4 years) 3/4
Estonia (Pre-Bologna) Bakalaureus (Bachelor’s degree) — minimum 4 year program. 4/5
71/100
Good
Estonia (Post-Bologna) Bakalaureus (Bachelor’s degree) — 180-240 ECTS credits. 4/5
71/100
Good
Ethiopia Bachelor’s degree (4-year of study). Qualifying Program may be required 3/4
85%
Finland (Pre-Bologna) Kandidaatti/Kandidat (Candidate) — minimum 4 year program;
Professional degree.
3.5/5
Good
2/3
12/20
Cum laude approbatur
Finland (Post-Bologna) Kandidaatti/Kandidat (Candidate) — 180-240 ECTS credits. 3.5/5
Good
2/3
12/20
Cum laude approbatur
France (Pre-Bologna) Maîtrise — minimum 4 years post-secondary studies;
Diplôme d’Ingénieur — minimum 5 years post-secondary studies;
Diplôme des Grandes Écoles (Diploma of Higher School of Professional Education) — minimum 5 years post-secondary studies.
12/20
Assez Bien (Quite Good)
France (Post-Bologna) Licence (Licentiate) — 180-240 ECTS credits; 12/20
Assez Bien (Quite good)
Gambia (The) 4-Year Bachelor 3.0/4.30
Germany (Pre-Bologna) Diplom — minimum 4 years of post-secondary studies;
Diplom (FH) — minimum 4 years of post-secondary studies;
Magister Artium — minimum 4 years of post-secondary studies;
Staatsexamen — minimum 4 years of post-secondary studies.
2/6
Gut (Good)
Germany
(Post-Bologna)
Bakkalaureus — 180-240 ECTS credits; 2/5
2.6-3.5/6.0
Gut
Ghana Bachelor’s degree — minimum 4 year program. Second Class Honours, Upper Division
Greece (Pre-Bologna) Ptychio (Diploma) — minimum 4 year program. 7.0/10
Very Good
Greece (Post-Bologna) Bachelor’s degree — 180-240 ECTS credits. 7.0/10
Very Good
Guatemala Licenciado/Licenciatura, Professional Title —  minimum 4 years Very Good
Guyana Bachelor's degree — minimum 4 year program 3.0/4.0 or B
Haiti Diplome de Fin d’Etudes (Diploma of Completion of Studies) — minimum 3 year program;
Licence (Licentiate) — minimum 3 years program;
Diplôme d’ingenieur — minimum 4 year program.
70/100
Honduras Licenciado — requiring four years of study Muy Bueno (Very Good)
80-89%
Hong Kong Bachelor’s degree — minimum 3 year program Second Class Honours, Upper Division
Hungary (Pre-Bologna) Egyetemi Oklevél (University degree) — minimum 4 year program. 4/5
Jó (Good)
Hungary (Post-Bologna) Alapképzés/Alapfokozat (Bachelor’s degree) — 180-240 ECTS credits. 4/5
Jó (Good)
Iceland (Pre-Bologna) Baccalaureatus (Bachelor’s degree) — minimum 3 year program. 7/10
Iceland (Post-Bologna) Bachelor’s degree comprising 180 — 240 ECTS credits. 7/10
India Engineering and Computer Science: Bachelor’s degree — minimum 4-year program; or 3-year program plus 2-year Master’s degree;
Other programs: Bachelor’s degree — minimum 4-year program; or 3-year program if the issuing university has an NAAC rating of A.
B grade equivalent
(Verify your university’s grading scale)
First division
Indonesia Diploma IV (D4) — minimum 4 year program;
Sarjana Strata Satu/Sarjana Teknik — minimum 4 year program;
Sarjana; Sarjan Lengkap; Insinyur — minimum 4 year program.
3/4
Good
Iran Karshenasi/Lisans (Bachelor’s degree) — minimum 4 year program. 14/20
Iraq Bachelor’s degree — minimum 4 year program. 80% in non-science degrees
75% in science degrees
Ireland 4-year Bachelor’s (Honours) Second Class Honours, Upper
Israel Bachelor’s degree — minimum 3 to 4 year program. B equivalent
Italy (Pre-Bologna) Laurea Breve/Diploma Universitario (Bachelor’s degree) — minimum 3 year program;
Diploma di Licenza — minimum 4 year program.
25/30
Italy (Post-Bologna) Laura di Livello 1 (Level 1 Degree) — 180-240 ECTS credits. 25/30
Jamaica Bachelor’s Degree: awarded after 3 year program (with completion of CAPE) or 4 year program (with completion of CSEC). Second Class, Upper Division
Japan Gakushi Shogo (Bachelor’s degree) — minimum 120 credits . 70/100
Yu (Excellent)
Jordan Bachelor’s degree — minimum 4 year program;
Diploma of Higher Studies or Education Diploma — minimum 5 years post-secondary studies.
80/100
Kazakhstan Diplom ob Okanchanii
Vysshego Uchebnogo
Zaredeniia (Diploma Specialist)
Mid-B Equivalent
Kenya Bachelor’s degree — minimum 4 year program. 60
Second Class Honours, Upper Division
Korea (South) Bachelor’s degree 80%
Kuwait Bachelor’s degree — minimum 4 year program; 6/9
Very Good
Kyrgyzstan Diplom Specialista, Bakalvr 4/5
Latvia (Pre-Bologna) Bakalarus (Bachelor’s degree) — minimum 4 year program;
Diploms — minimum 4 year program.
7/10
Labi (Good)
Latvia (Post-Bologna) Bachelor’s degree — 180-240 ECTS credits. 7/10
Labi (Good)
Lebanon Licence — minimum 4 year program;
Diplôme d’Ingénieur — minimum 4 year program.
Bachelor degree — Minimum 4 years of study after high school
80/100(Very Good)
12/20 (Assez Bien)
Libya Bachelor’s degree — minimum 4 year program. 75/100
Good
Lithuania Bakalauras requiring at least 4 years of study, Specialist Diploma 7/10
Macau 4-year Bachelor B grade equivalent
Macedonia Diploma & Professional Title (4-years of study) 8/10
Malaysia Sarjana Muda (Bachelor’s degree) — minimum 3 year program. Second class, upper division
Pass with High Credit
Mauritius Bachelor’s degree (Honours) — minimum 3 years program. Second class, Upper Division
Mexico Licentiatura (Licentiate)/Titulo de Licenciado/Titulo de Professional — minimum 4 year program. 8/10
Moldovia Diploma de Licenta 8/10
Mongolia At least five years of study B grade equivalent
Montenegro Diploma Visokog Obrazovnaja 8 or B equivalent
Morocco Licence (Licientiate) — minimum 4 year program;
Diplome d’Ingénieur — minimum 4 year program;
14/20
Bien (Good)
Mozambique Liceniatura (minimum of 5-years of study) 15/20
Nepal Completion of both Bachelor’s and Master’s degree or
Bachelor’s degree — minimum 4 year program.
Mid B
First class/division
Netherlands
(Pre-Bologna)
Doctorandus (Doctoraal) — minimum 4 year program;
Ingenieur (ing.) — minimum 4 year program.
7/10
Ruim Voldoende (Amply Satisfactory)
Netherlands
(Post-Bologna)
Bachelor’s degree — 180-240 ECTS credits. 7/10
Ruim Voldoende (Amply Satisfactory)
New Zealand Bachelor’s degree — minimum 4 year program. Second class, Upper Division
B grade equivalent
Nicaragua Licenciado (requiring 4 years of study) 80%
Niger Bachelor’s Degree Equivalent: Maitrise, Diplome d’Agronomie approfondie/d’Ingenieur Agronome, Docteur en Medecine 14/20
Nigeria Bachelor’s degree — minimum 4 year program. 4/5
Second Class Honours, Upper Division
Norway (Pre-Bologna) Candidatus magisterii — minimum 3.5 year program. 2.7/6.0
Norway (Post-Bologna) Bachelor’s degree — 180-240 ECTS credits. 2.7/6.0
Oman Bachelor (minimum 4 years) 3/4
Pakistan Bachelor’s degree — minimum 4 year program;
Master degree — minimum 4 years of post-secondary studies.
B grade equivalent
Palestine Bachelor’s degree — minimum 4 year program
B equivalent
Panama Licenciado/Licenciatura (4 years)  81% 
Peru Bachiller en (Bachelor in…) — minimum 5 year program;
Titulo — minimum 5 years of post-secondary studies.
13/20 (Sciences and Engineering)
14/20 all other disciplines
Philippines Completion of both Masters and Bachelor’s degree. 1.75/5 (reverse scale)
85%
Poland (Pre-Bologna) Dyplom Tytul Licencjat (Title of Licentiate) — minimum 4 year program;
Dyplom Tytul Inzynier (Title of Engineer) — minimum 4 year program.
Dobry
Good
4/6
Poland (Post-Bologna) Magister Dobry
Good
4/6
Portugal (Pre-Bologna) Licenciado- minimum 4 years of study. 15/20
Portugal
(Post-Bologna)
Licenciado 180-240 ECTS credits 15/20
Qatar Bachelor’s degree — minimum 4 year program;
Bachelor’s degree (Engineering) — minimum 5 year program.
3.3/4
Romania (Pre-Bologna) Diploma de Licenta (Licenciate Diploma) — minimum 4 year program;
Diploma de Inginer Engineer Diploma) — minimum 4 year program.
7/10
Bun (Good)
Romania
(Post-Bologna)
Diploma de Licenta — 180-240 ECTS credits. 7/10
Bun (Good)
Russian Federation (Pre-Bologna) Diplom spetsialista (Diploma of Specialist) — minimum 5 year program;
Diplom magistra (Diploma of Magister) — minimum 5 years of post-secondary studies.
4/5
Khorosho (Good)
Russian Federation (Post-Bologna) Bakalavr — minimum 4 year program. 4/5
Khorosho (Good)
Rwanda Arts, Sciences & Law subject areas: 3-year bachelor with A-levels; 
Engineering & Computer Science subject areas: 4-year bachelor degree.
80%
B Grade Equivalent 
Saudi Arabia Baccaloreus (Bachelor’s degree) — minimum 4 year program. 80/100
Very Good
Senegal Bachelor’s Degree Equivalent — minimum 4 years 14/20
Serbia Diploma Visoko Obrazovanja 8/10
Sierra Leone Honours Bachelor’s degree Second Class Honours, Upper Division (60%)
Singapore Bachelor’s degree (Honours) — minimum 4 years of post-secondary studies. Very Good
Second Class, Upper Division
Slovakia (Pre-Bologna) Bakalar: minimum 4 year program;
Magister — minimum 4 year program;
Inzinier — minimum 5 year program.
Dobrý
Good
Slovakia (Post-Bologna) Bakalar — 180-240 ECTS credits. Dobrý
Good
South Africa Bachelor’s degree — minimum 4 year program;
Bachelor’s degree (Honours) — minimum 4 years of post-secondary studies.
Second class, Upper Division
Spain (Pre-Bologna) Título de Licenciado (Licentiate) — minimum 4 year program;
Título de Ingeniero (Title of Engineer) — minimum 5 year program;
8/10
Bien (Good)
Spain (Post-Bologna) Graduado en (Graduate in…): minimum 4 year program. 8/10
Bien (Good)
Sri Lanka Bachelor’s degree (Special degree) — minimum 4 year program. First Class
Sudan Honours Bachelor’s Degree (minimum 5 years)  Class II Upper Division Honours/
B grade equivalent
Sweden Filosofie Kandidatexamen (Fil. Kand./FK) 4 out of 5; Väl Godkänd (Distinction);  B grade equivalent
Switzerland
(Pre-Bologna)
Lizentiat/Diplom/Licence/Licenza — minimum 4 year program. 5/6
7/10
2/5
Switzerland
(Post-Bologna)
Bachelor’s degree — 180-240 ECTS credits. 5/6
7/10
2/5
Syria Licence (Bachelor’s degree) — minimum 4 year program. 70%
Taiwan Bachelor’s degree — minimum 4 year program. 70/100
Thailand Bachelor’s degree — minimum 4 year program. Good
Tajikistan Bakalavr (Bachelor’s Degree) — requiring at least 4-years of study;
Diploma of Specialist
4/5
Trinidad and Tobago Bachelor’s Degree (Honours) — Minimum 4 years of study Second Class, Upper Division
Tunisia Diplôme National d’Ingénieur (National Engineer Diploma) — minimum 4 year program;
Maîtrise (Master) — minimum 4 year program;
Licence — minimum 4 year program.
14/20
Bien (Good)
Turkey (Pre-Bologna) Lisans Diplomasi (Bachelor’s degree) — minimum 4 year program. 65/100
7/10
Iyi (Good)
Turkey (Post-Bologna) Bachelor’s degree — 180-240 ECTS credits. 65/100
3/4 7/10
Iyi (Good)
Uganda Bachelor’s Degree Equivalent: Honours Bachelor’s requiring at least four years of study Class II Upper Division Honours/
B grade equivalent
Ukraine (Pre-Bologna) Diploma of Specialist — minimum 5 year program;
Diploma of Master — minimum 5 year program.
4/5
Good
Ukraine (Post-Bologna) Bachelor’s degree — 180-240 ECTS credits. 4/5
Good
United Arab Emirates Bachelor’s degree — minimum 4 year program; 80/100
3.5/4.0
Good
United Kingdom Bachelor’s degree (England, Wales and Northern Ireland) — minimum 3 year program;
Bachelor’s of Arts, Honours (Scotland) — minimum 4 year program;
Master degree, Honours (Scotland) — minimum 4 year program.
60/100
Second Class Honours, Upper Division
United States of America 4-year Bachelor’s degree 3/4
Uruguay Licenciatura (Licenciado);
Professional Title — requiring at least 4 years of study
5/6 or 8/12
Venezuela Licenciado en (Licentiate Degree) — minimum 5 year program;
Título de (Professsional Title of…) (i.e. Engineering, Accounting…) — minimum 5 year program.
13/20
Vietnam Bằng Tốt Nghiệp Ðại Học (Diploma as Graduation as Bachelor) — minimum 4 years of post-secondary studies. 7/10
Yemen Bachelor’s Degree Equivalent — minimum 4 years B grade Equivalent
Zimbabwe Bachelor’s Degree (Honours) Second Class, Upper Division

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